230429_nvm尝试node版本管理

这周在github上试了好几个vue的mail项目，下载后，npm install,npm run dev/serve就各种版本不兼容的报错。本来想要在pacman装旧版本的nodejs，问了lph，然后可以用nvm相当于一个虚拟环境って教えてもらった。

类比pycharm新建项目时可以选虚拟环境，就不会用本地的解释器

Manjaro上安装nvm

pacman仓库里就有nvm

sudo pacman -S nvm

此时新开终端，敲nvm或nvm -v都是没输出的。需要配置shell（官网github也是）

以下是pacman安装后输出的提示信息：

You need to source nvm before you can use it. Do one of the following
or similar depending on your shell (and then restart your shell):

  echo 'source /usr/share/nvm/init-nvm.sh' >> ~/.bashrc
  echo 'source /usr/share/nvm/init-nvm.sh' >> ~/.zshrc

You can now install node.js versions (e.g. nvm install 10) and
activate them (e.g. nvm use 10).

init-nvm.sh is a convenience script which does the following:

[ -z "$NVM_DIR" ] && export NVM_DIR="$HOME/.nvm"
source /usr/share/nvm/nvm.sh
source /usr/share/nvm/bash_completion
source /usr/share/nvm/install-nvm-exec

You may wish to customize and put these lines directly in your
.bashrc (or similar) if, for example, you would like an NVM_DIR
other than ~/.nvm or you don't want bash completion.

See the nvm readme for more information: https://github.com/creationix/nvm

那么zsh就终端执行

$ echo 'source /usr/share/nvm/init-nvm.sh' >> ~/.zshrc

fish的话并不完全支持bash语法，在 ~/.config/fish/config.fish里直接写入source /usr/share/nvm/init-nvm.sh是不work的。

去看nvm项目的Issues https://github.com/nvm-sh/nvm/issues/303#issuecomment-121086278

需要使用fish的package manager(如oh-my-fish, fisher)装bass。Bass makes it easy to use utilities written for Bash in a fish shell.

下载Bass: omf install bass/fisher install edc/bass
编辑~/.config/fish/config.fish:

function nvm
    bass source /usr/share/nvm/init-nvm.sh ';' nvm $argv
end

==fish的话，其实不如用这个fish插件== https://github.com/jorgebucaran/nvm.fish

还可以用node use system切换回系统的nodejs

然后新开终端，敲nvm或nvm -v都有输出了

nvm使用

目前的本机环境node v19.8.1, npm 8.19.2。跑一个vue-element-admin 项目 https://github.com/PanJiaChen/vue-element-admin

# clone the project
git clone https://github.com/PanJiaChen/vue-element-admin.git

# enter the project directory
cd vue-element-admin

# install dependency
npm install

# develop
npm run dev

This will automatically open http://localhost:9527

npm run dev时报错：error:0308010C:digital envelope routines::unsupported

网上查了下，就是node版本高了。然后就可以用nvm来切换版本

If you want to see what versions are available to install, You can list available versions using ls-remote:

nvm ls-remote

If you want to see what versions are installed:

nvm ls

use之前先要install

nvm install 16

此时我在当前目录下node -v版本是v16.20.0。但其他目录下终端也变成v16.20.0了。

由于当前目录下已经是用老版本的nodejs了，直接npm run dev

OK，它跑起来了！

参考资料

https://github.com/nvm-sh/nvm 官方

NVM(Node Version Manager)を使ってNode.jsの開発環境を作る

What is NPM, and why do we need it? | Tutorial for beginners 讲得很好的npm教程

そもそもnpmからわからない主要是讲npm的，但先装了nvm